What is an energy performance certificate?

An energy performance certificate is an official document that describes a property or building's energy performance. Based on this assessment, the property is given an energy rating ranging from A, for the most energy-efficient homes, to G, for those with the highest energy consumption.

The rating takes specific factors into account, including thermal insulation, windows, heating and cooling systems, hot water production and the property's orientation.

Beyond the label itself, the EPC provides a clear picture of how the property performs in everyday use and highlights where there is scope to improve its energy efficiency.

Why is it mandatory and when do you need one?

An energy performance certificate is required by law when selling or letting a property. Its purpose is straightforward: to ensure that prospective buyers or tenants can understand the property's energy performance before making a decision.

This makes it easier to compare properties, much like the energy label found on household appliances.

An EPC is also required for newly constructed buildings and for certain types of renovation works.

An EPC is typically valid for 10 years. However, if significant energy efficiency improvements are made to the property during that period, it may be worth updating it to reflect the property's new energy performance.

In addition, certain measures may provide access to tax deductions and public grants to support home renovation projects.

Which properties do not require an EPC?

Not all homes are required to have an energy performance certificate. There are some exceptions set out in the regulations.

This document is not required for:

• Officially protected buildings due to their historical or architectural value.
• Buildings used for worship or religious activities.
• Temporary constructions with an expected lifespan of less than two years.
• Industrial or agricultural buildings that are not used for residential purposes.
• Stand-alone properties with a usable floor area of less than 50 m².
• Homes that are used for less than four months a year.

Apart from these cases, this certificate is generally required in order to sell or let a property.

Who can issue an energy performance certificate?

An energy performance certificate must be issued by a qualified professional, such as an architect, qualified domestic energy assessor, or engineer with the relevant expertise in this area.

This professional is responsible for visiting the property, taking the necessary measurements and analysing the elements that affect its energy consumption.

They then prepare the report and arrange for its official registration so that it is legally valid.

How to obtain an energy performance certificate step by step?

Although it may seem like a complex process, obtaining an energy performance certificate is usually a straightforward procedure that can be completed within a few days.

1. Hire a qualified professional

The first step is to contact a certified professional to carry out the property's energy assessment.

2. Arrange the property inspection

During the visit, the professional will assess the aspects that directly affect the property's energy consumption, such as thermal insulation, heating and cooling systems, windows, exterior insulation and enclosures, orientation and domestic hot water production.

This inspection provides an accurate picture of the property's energy performance.

3. Report preparation

Based on the data collected, the professional will use approved software to perform the necessary calculations and determine the corresponding energy rating.

In addition to the energy label, the report usually includes recommendations aimed at improving the property's energy efficiency.

4. Official registration of the certificate

Once the certificate has been issued, it must be registered with the relevant regional authority so that the document is fully valid.

5. Receive your energy label

After the registration process is complete, you will receive the official energy label, which can be used in property sale or letting advertisements and submitted as part of any procedures where it is required.

How much does the EPC cost?

The cost of an energy performance certificate can vary considerably depending on the property. Factors such as the size, location and complexity of the property, as well as the services included by the professional, can all affect the price.

In general, it is a relatively affordable cost within the context of a property sale or letting.

Beyond the price, it is important to understand that this document does more than simply fulfil a legal requirement: it also helps you gain a better understanding of the property and identify potential energy efficiency improvements.

How can you improve your property's energy rating?

Improving a property's energy rating does not always require major renovation work. In many cases, small improvements can already make a significant difference.

Some of the most common measures include:

• Improving the property's thermal insulation.
• Replacing old equipment with energy-efficient heating and cooling systems.
• Choosing aerothermal technology as a heating and cooling solution.
• Installing solar PV self-consumption systems.
• Installing solar panels to generate your own energy.

These improvements not only help reduce energy consumption but may also provide access to public grants and tax benefits.

Real benefits of having an energy-efficient home

An energy-efficient home does not just use less energy. It is also more comfortable to live in and more attractive to buyers.

Lower energy bills

An energy-efficient home requires less energy to maintain comfort, which results in savings on your electricity and gas bills.

Higher market value

Energy efficiency is becoming increasingly important in the property market. A good energy rating can make a difference compared with other similar properties.

Access to grants and tax deductions

Energy efficiency improvements may qualify for grant programmes and tax deductions, helping reduce the investment required.

Greater thermal comfort

An energy-efficient home maintains indoor temperatures more effectively throughout the year, improving everyday comfort.

Lower environmental impact

Using less energy also means reducing the emissions associated with the property.

That is why investing in energy efficiency not only benefits those living in the property but also helps move towards a more sustainable consumption model.